Tuesday, 13 April 2010

What is Final Keyword?

PHP 5 introduces the final keyword, which prevents child classes from overriding a method by prefixing the definition with final. If the class itself is being defined final then it cannot be extended.


<?php 
class BaseClass {
   public function 
test() {
       echo 
"BaseClass::test() called\n";
   }

   final public function 
moreTesting() {
       echo 
"BaseClass::moreTesting() called\n";
   }
}

class 
ChildClass extends BaseClass {
   public function 
moreTesting() {
       echo 
"ChildClass::moreTesting() called\n";
   }
}
// Results in Fatal error: Cannot override final method BaseClass::moreTesting()

?>  


Similarly, You can stop overriding class using FINAL keyword. e.g., 


<?php
 final class BaseClass {
   public function 
test() {
       echo 
"BaseClass::test() called\n";
   }

   
// Here it doesn't matter if you specify the function as final or not
   
final public function moreTesting() {
       echo 
"BaseClass::moreTesting() called\n";
   }
}

class 
ChildClass extends BaseClass {
}
// Results in Fatal error: Class ChildClass may not inherit from final class (BaseClass) 

?>

 


Cheers!

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